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Swāt (Pashto/Urdu: سوات pronounced [ˈswaːt̪])[1] is a river valley and an administrative district in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan. It is the upper valley of the Swat River, which rises in the Hindu Kush range. The capital of Swat is Saidu Sharif, but the main city in Swat is Mingora.[4] It was a princely state, the Yusafzai State of Swat, until 1969, when it was dissolved[5] along with the states of Dir and Chitral and made part of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. With a population of 2,309,570 according to the 2017 census, Swat is the third-largest district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
With 52 lakes, high mountains, green meadows, and clear lakes, it is popular with tourists. Queen Elizabeth II during her visit to the Yusafzai State of Swat called it “the Switzerland of the east.”[6] Swat is surrounded by Chitral, Upper Dir and Lower Dir in the West, Gilgit-Baltistan in North Kohistan, Buner and Shangla in the East and south East. The southern tehsil of Buner was granted the status of a separate district in 1991.[7] Swat is populated mostly by ethnic Pashtuns and Gujjar and Kohistani communities. The language spoken in the valley is Pashto, with a minority of Torwali and Kalami Kohistani speakers in the Swat Kohistan region of Upper Swat
Contents [hide]
1 Etymology
2 History
2.1 Buddhist heritage
2.2 Hindu Shahi rulers and Sanskrit
2.3 Advent of Islam by Mahmud of Ghazni
2.4 Arrival of Yousafzais
2.5 Taliban destruction of Buddhist relics
3 Geography
3.1 Mountainous Ranges
3.1.1 Eastern ranges
3.1.2 Western ranges
3.2 Plains
4 Economy
4.1 Agriculture
5 Demographics
6 Tribes
7 Administrative divisions
8 Government
8.1 Politics
9 Tourist attractions
9.1 Marghazar
9.2 Fizagat Park
9.3 Malam Jabba
9.4 Swat Museum
9.5 Miandam
9.6 Madyan
9.7 Behrain
9.8 Kalam
9.9 Usho
9.10 Utror
9.11 Gabral
9.12 Mahodand
9.13 Pari (Khapiro) Lake
9.14 Kundol Lake
9.15 Bashigram Lake
9.16 Spin Khwar (White Stream) Lake
9.17 Daral Lake
10 Notable people
11 See also
12 References
13 Bibliography
14 External links
Kalam (Kalami/Pashto/Urdu: کالام) is a valley located at distance of 99 km from Mingora in the northern upper reaches of Swat valley along the bank of Swat River in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.
Kalam Swat valley
Kalam Boyun
Kalam Swat valley
Kalam is surrounded by lush green hills, thick forests and bestowed with mesmeric lakes, meadows and waterfalls which are worth seen features of the landscape. It is the birthplace of Swat river which forms with confluence of two major tributaries of Gabral river & Ushu river.
It is a spacious sub-valley of Swat, at an elevation of about 2,000 meters (6,600 feet) above sea level, and providing rooms for a small but fertile plateau above the river for farming.[1] Here, the metalled road ends and shingle road leads to the Usho and Utror valleys. From Matiltan some snow-capped mountains are visible including Mount Falaksar 5,918 meters (19,416 feet), and another unnamed peak 6,096 meters (20,000 feet) high.[2]
There are a lot of grand hotels in Kalam, where one can stay for night and enjoy the cool breeze of Swat river.[3]
Contents [hide]
1 Climate
2 Tourist Spots
3 Lakes
4 See also
5 References
Climate[edit]
With a mild and generally warm and temperate climate, Kalam features a humid subtropical climate (Cfa) under the Köppen climate classification. The average temperature in Kalam is 13.4 °C, while the annual precipitation averages 639 mm. Even in the driest months, there is a lot of precipitation. November is the driest month with 15 mm of precipitation, while April, the wettest month, has an average precipitation of 93 mm.
July is the hottest month of the year with an average temperature of 24.1 °C. The coldest month January has an average temperature of 1.5 °C.
[hide]Climate data for Kalam
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 5.3
(41.5) 6.9
(44.4) 12.3
(54.1) 18.2
(64.8) 23.1
(73.6) 29.5
(85.1) 30.5
(86.9) 29.4
(84.9) 26.0
(78.8) 21.2
(70.2) 15.0
(59) 8.1
(46.6) 18.79
(65.83)
Daily mean °C (°F) 1.5
(34.7) 2.8
(37) 7.6
(45.7) 13.0
(55.4) 17.3
(63.1) 23.0
(73.4) 24.1
(75.4) 23.4
(74.1) 19.8
(67.6) 15.1
(59.2) 9.5
(49.1) 4.0
(39.2) 13.43
(56.16)
Average low °C (°F) −2.2
(28) −1.3
(29.7) 3.0
(37.4) 7.9
(46.2) 11.6
(52.9) 16.6
(61.9) 17.8
(64) 17.5
(63.5) 13.7
(56.7) 9.0
(48.2) 4.1
(39.4) 0.0
(32) 8.14
(46.66)
Saidu Sharif is the capital of Swat Valley but the major town in the Swat valley is Mingora. Surrounded by the mountains, the lush Swat Valley is truly a haven of serenity for all tourist to the area. Moreover, Pakistan tour and travel has been offering honeymoon and family tours to visitors from all part of world.
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